In this blog post , we will learn majorly the following topics.
1. How to create an executable jar for cucumber+selenium+testng+maven project ?
2. How to run scenarios from generated jar ?
To create an executable jar for maven project there are many jar plug-in's available in the maven space.
In this example, I'd like to demonstrate it using maven-assembly-plugin.
The demo project for HRM application can be found at GitHub or download this maven zip file
You could also watch this no voice video tutorial for quick references
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We need to have the maven-assembly-plugin is given the pom file, i.e., add below piece of code in the pom.xml file.
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.1</version> <configuration> <archive> <manifest> <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <mainClass>com.sadakar.common.BasePage</mainClass> </manifest> <manifestEntries> <Class-Path>.</Class-Path> </manifestEntries> </archive> <descriptorRefs> <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef> </descriptorRefs> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <id>make-assembly</id> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>single</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions></plugin>
In a java class, using "main" method, we need to pass the glue code, tags, plug-ins and etc that are related to cucumber as arguments.
For example, I've used, BasePage.java class that should contain normal "main" method and inside it use Main.main(....) to pass cucumber arguments so the scenarios based on tags would be runnable from command line.
import package : import io.cucumber.core.cli.Main; in the BasePage.java class and the passing of arguments are shown in below class.
BasePage.javapackage com.sadakar.common;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;import io.cucumber.core.cli.Main;public class BasePage { public static WebDriver driver; public static void main(String args[]) throws Throwable { try { Main.main(new String[] { "-g","com.sadakar.common", "-g","com.sadakar.stepdefinitions", "-g","com.sadakar.testng.runner", "classpath:features", "-t","@HRMLogin", "-p", "pretty", "-p", "json:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber.json", "-p", "html:target/cucumber-reports/cucumberreport.html", "-m" } ); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("Main method exception : " + e); } }}
In eclipse, build the project using below command:
Ensure that any open folders, command prompts, chrome drivers in task manager are all closed.
Clean the project and then build it.
clean package assembly:single -Dmaven.test.skip=true
Using -Dmaven.test.skip=true option we can skip the tests while the project builds!
Click on the images to view them in gallery mode so the content provided is clear!
This is how the log looks like when the build is in progress and is completed.
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/softwares/Eclipse/eclipse-java-2021-09-R-win32-x86_64/eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.m2e.maven.runtime.slf4j.simple_1.18.0.20210618-2246/jars/slf4j-simple-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: Found binding in [file:/D:/softwares/Eclipse/eclipse-java-2021-09-R-win32-x86_64/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/5/0/.cp/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.SimpleLoggerFactory]SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/softwares/Eclipse/eclipse-java-2021-09-R-win32-x86_64/eclipse/plugins/org.eclipse.m2e.maven.runtime.slf4j.simple_1.18.0.20210618-2246/jars/slf4j-simple-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: Found binding in [file:/D:/softwares/Eclipse/eclipse-java-2021-09-R-win32-x86_64/eclipse/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/5/0/.cp/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.SimpleLoggerFactory][INFO] Scanning for projects...[INFO] [INFO] --< CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar:CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar >--[INFO] Building CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Deleting C:\Users\sadakarp\eclipse-workspace\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar\target[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.[INFO] Copying 3 resources[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:compile (default-compile) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module![INFO] Compiling 5 source files to C:\Users\sadakarp\eclipse-workspace\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar\target\classes[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Not copying test resources[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.7.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Not compiling test sources[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M7:test (default-test) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Tests are skipped.[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Building jar: C:\Users\sadakarp\eclipse-workspace\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar\target\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-assembly-plugin:3.1.1:single (default-cli) @ CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar ---[INFO] Building jar: C:\Users\sadakarp\eclipse-workspace\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar\target\CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Total time: 26.979 s[INFO] Finished at: 2022-09-10T20:21:45+05:30[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
maven-assembly-plugin generates two jar files, they are
1. CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
2. CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar
The jar with the dependencies is called fat jar file and this is the one we call as "executable" or "runnable" jar.
Make sure that this jar contains the MANIFEST.MF file containing the class that has the main method. Use jar extract tools to view the content inside the jar, I've used "Java Decompiler".
The MANIFEST.MF file should contain all the dependencies with Main-Class:com.sadakar.common.BasePage as shown in below.
Make sure that this jar contains the MANIFEST.MF file containing the class that has the main method. Use jar extract tools to view the content inside the jar, I've used "Java Decompiler".
The MANIFEST.MF file should contain all the dependencies with Main-Class:com.sadakar.common.BasePage as shown in below.
MANIFEST.MF
Manifest-Version: 1.0Created-By: Apache Maven 3.8.1Built-By: sadakarpBuild-Jdk: 16.0.2Class-Path: cucumber-java-7.1.0.jar cucumber-core-7.1.0.jar cucumber-ghe rkin-7.1.0.jar cucumber-gherkin-messages-7.1.0.jar messages-17.1.1.jar tag-expressions-4.1.0.jar cucumber-expressions-13.0.1.jar datatable-7.1 .0.jar cucumber-plugin-7.1.0.jar docstring-7.1.0.jar html-formatter-17. 0.0.jar create-meta-6.0.4.jar apiguardian-api-1.1.2.jar cucumber-testng -7.1.0.jar selenium-java-4.3.0.jar selenium-api-4.3.0.jar selenium-chro me-driver-4.3.0.jar auto-service-annotations-1.0.1.jar auto-service-1.0 .1.jar auto-common-1.2.jar guava-31.1-jre.jar failureaccess-1.0.1.jar l istenablefuture-9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava.jar jsr305-3. 0.2.jar checker-qual-3.12.0.jar error_prone_annotations-2.11.0.jar j2ob jc-annotations-1.3.jar selenium-chromium-driver-4.3.0.jar selenium-json -4.3.0.jar selenium-devtools-v101-4.3.0.jar selenium-devtools-v102-4.3. 0.jar selenium-devtools-v103-4.3.0.jar selenium-devtools-v85-4.3.0.jar selenium-edge-driver-4.3.0.jar selenium-firefox-driver-4.3.0.jar seleni um-ie-driver-4.3.0.jar selenium-opera-driver-4.3.0.jar selenium-remote- driver-4.3.0.jar netty-buffer-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-codec-http-4.1.78. Final.jar netty-codec-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-handler-4.1.78.Final.jar n etty-common-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-transport-classes-epoll-4.1.78.Final .jar netty-transport-classes-kqueue-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-transport-na tive-epoll-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-transport-native-kqueue-4.1.78.Final. jar netty-transport-native-unix-common-4.1.78.Final.jar netty-transport -4.1.78.Final.jar netty-resolver-4.1.78.Final.jar opentelemetry-api-1.1 5.0.jar opentelemetry-context-1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-exporter-logging -1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-sdk-metrics-1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-sdk-logs -1.15.0-alpha.jar opentelemetry-sdk-common-1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-sdk -extension-autoconfigure-spi-1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-sdk-extension-aut oconfigure-1.15.0-alpha.jar opentelemetry-sdk-trace-1.15.0.jar opentele metry-sdk-1.15.0.jar opentelemetry-semconv-1.15.0-alpha.jar jtoml-2.0.0 .jar byte-buddy-1.12.10.jar commons-exec-1.3.jar async-http-client-2.12 .3.jar async-http-client-netty-utils-2.12.3.jar netty-codec-socks-4.1.6 0.Final.jar netty-handler-proxy-4.1.60.Final.jar netty-transport-native -epoll-4.1.60.Final-linux-x86_64.jar netty-transport-native-kqueue-4.1. 60.Final-osx-x86_64.jar reactive-streams-1.0.3.jar netty-reactive-strea ms-2.0.4.jar slf4j-api-1.7.30.jar jakarta.activation-1.2.2.jar selenium -http-4.3.0.jar failsafe-3.2.4.jar selenium-safari-driver-4.3.0.jar sel enium-support-4.3.0.jar testng-7.1.0.jar jcommander-1.72.jar guice-4.1. 0-no_aop.jar javax.inject-1.jar aopalliance-1.0.jar snakeyaml-1.21.jar .Main-Class: com.sadakar.common.BasePage
Now, let's run the jar file:
Double click on the executable jar, it will start executing the scenarios!
Or use below command to run the cucumber scenarios
Command is updated on 18 June 2023
java -jar -Dcucumber.filter.tags="@HRMLogin" CucumberTestNGSeleniumExecutableJar-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar
This execution, will generate, cucumber reports in "target" folder where the jar is located.
The report is based on the plug-in(s) that we provide in BasePage.java file.
For example, we gave it as
"-p", "json:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber.json",
"-p", "html:target/cucumber-reports/cucumberreport.html",
click on the "cucumberreport.html" file to analyze the report generated.
That's all we have to do to create an executable cucumber, testng jar file using maven and to run the scenarios from it.
I hope you found this write-up useful, keep watch this blog site for more automation!
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